Chile Passport

[Country Name] Republic of Chile (Chile).

【 Area 】 756715 square kilometers.

The population is 19.96 million, of which the urban population accounts for 86.9%. White and Indo European mixed race people account for about 89%, while Native Americans account for about 11%. The official language is Spanish. Use Mapuche language in Native American settlements. 67% of the population aged 15 and above believe in Catholicism, while 15% believe in evangelicalism.

Santiago, the capital, has a population of 6.6836 million. January is the hottest month with an average temperature of 13-30 ℃. June is the coldest month with an average temperature of 4-15 ℃. The average annual maximum temperature is 22.4 ℃ and the minimum temperature is 8.3 ℃.

Gabriel Boric Font, the head of state, took office on March 11, 2022, with a term of four years.

National Day: September 18th.

【 Overview 】 Located in the southwest of South America, at the western foot of the Andes Mountains. It borders Bolivia and Argentina to the east, Peru to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Antarctica across the sea to the south. The total length of the coastline is about 10000 kilometers. It is the narrowest country in the world, with a length of 4352 kilometers from north to south and a width of 96.8-362.3 kilometers from east to west. There are many volcanoes and frequent earthquakes within the territory. There are significant regional differences in climate: the northern region has a tropical desert climate with no rain throughout the year; The central region has a subtropical Mediterranean climate with rainy winters and dry summers; The southern region is characterized by rainy temperate broad-leaved forests and cold grassland climate. Originally inhabited by Native Americans such as Araucans, Mapuches, and Tierra del Fuego, it belonged to the Inca Empire before the early 16th century. In 1535, Spanish colonizers invaded northern Chile from Peru. In 1541, the city of Santiago was established, and Chile became a Spanish colony. On September 18, 1810, the ruling committee was established to implement autonomy. Afterwards, the Chilean people launched a struggle against colonial rule under the leadership of national hero Bernardo O'Higgins. In February 1817, the Argentine coalition defeated the Spanish colonial army. Independence was declared in 1818. In 1970, socialist Allende was elected president and formed the "People's Unity" government. In 1973, the military led by Pinochet overthrew the Allende government and began 17 years of military rule. In 1989, the Socialist Party, Christian Democratic Party, and others formed the "Democratic Alliance" to participate in parliamentary and presidential elections. Christian Democratic Party member Alvin was elected president and began to govern on March 11 of the following year, thus restoring representative democracy. In March 1994, Frey, a member of the Christian Democratic Party, succeeded him. In 1998, Pinochet handed over military power, and the process of "democratic transition" was basically completed. In the following 20 years, the ruling coalition composed of center left parties went through four governments and maintained long-term political stability. In January 2010, the center right coalition presidential candidate Pi ñ era won the election and was inaugurated in March 2010. In December 2013, the candidate of the center left "New Majority Alliance" Bachelet won the election again and took office in March 2014. In December 2017, Pi ñ era, the candidate of the center right alliance "Chile Forward", was re elected as president and took office in March 2018. In December 2021, Boric, the candidate for the "Dignity Constitution" of the Emerging Left Alliance, was elected president and inaugurated on March 11, 2022.

After taking office in March 2022, the left-wing government of Zhixin has made efforts to fulfill its election promises, actively respond to the public's demands for fairness and justice, steadily promote changes, and the overall situation of Zhixin is stable.

The current Constitution came into effect on March 11, 1981 and has been amended four times since 1989, 1991, 1993, and 2005. The Constitution stipulates that the President is the head of state and the head of government. In 2005, the constitutional amendment changed the presidential term to four years and abolished lifetime senators and designated senators.

In 2019, all sectors of society reached a consensus on promoting the formulation of a new constitution. In October 2020, the constitutional referendum was overwhelmingly passed. In September 2022, the new constitution draft was not passed in the referendum. In December, after lengthy negotiations, the ruling and opposition parties reached an agreement to restart the constitutional process. In May 2023, Chile will hold elections for the Constitutional Committee. On December 17th, the new constitution draft was once again rejected in a referendum, and President Boric announced that he would not initiate a new constitutional process during his term.

The National Assembly adopts a bicameral system of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The parliament is composed of 50 directly elected senators and 155 members of the House of Representatives. Senators serve a term of 8 years, with 1/2 of them being re elected every four years; The term of office for members of the House of Representatives is 4 years. After the military coup in 1973, the parliament was dissolved and restored on March 11, 1990. The current President of the Senate is Jos é Garc í a Ruminot, who was elected in March 2024. The Speaker of the House is Karol Cariola, who was elected in April 2024. The main parties (alliances) hold the following seats in parliament: