Honduras Passport

The Republic of Honduras (La Rep ú blica de Honduras).

【 Area 】 112500 square kilometers

Population: 10.221 million (2023). Indo European mixed race people account for 90%, followed by Native Americans at 7%, African Americans at 2%, and Europeans at 1%.

Spanish is the official language.

95.8% of residents believe in Catholicism.

[Currency] Lempira, 1 USD ≈ 25.26 Lempira (October 2024)

【 Capital 】 Tegucigalpa. The constitution stipulates that the capital is composed of the cities of Tegucigalpa and Comayaguela, known as the Central Region, with an area of 1514 square kilometers and a population of 1.568 million. The average temperature in the hottest month (May) is 18-30 ° C, and the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is 14-25 ° C.

[Head of State] President Iris Xiomara Castro Sarmiento, inaugurated on January 27, 2022, for a term of 4 years.

Independence Day: September 15th.

【 Overview 】 Located in the northern part of Central America. It borders the Caribbean Sea to the north, the Gulf of Fonseca in the Pacific Ocean to the south, Nicaragua to the east and south, and Guatemala and El Salvador to the west. The coastline is 1033 kilometers long. Coastal areas have a tropical rainforest climate with an average annual temperature of 27 ℃; The central mountainous areas are cool and dry, with an average annual temperature of 23 ℃. There are two seasons throughout the year, with the rainy season from June to October and the dry season from November to May.

Originally inhabited by Native Americans, it was colonized by Spain in the 16th century. Independence occurred on September 15, 1821. Joined the Confederation of Central America in 1823. After the dissolution of the federation in 1838, a republic was established.

Honduras held elections in November 2021, and the candidate of the Freedom and Reconstruction Party, Castro, won with 51.12% of the vote (1.71 million votes), becoming the first female president in Honduras' history. Castro officially took office on January 27, 2022, with a term of four years.

The current Constitution came into effect on January 20, 1982. The Constitution stipulates that the state implements a republican system of separation of legislative, judicial, and executive powers. The President is the head of state, the head of government, and the supreme commander of the armed forces, elected directly for a term of four years and renewable for one term.

The parliament adopts a unicameral system and is the highest legislative body in the country, consisting of 128 members. Members of parliament are directly elected by voters for a term of four years. The current parliament was formed in January 2022, with the ruling Freedom and Reconstruction Party holding 49 seats, the Kuomintang holding 43 seats, the Liberal Party holding 22 seats, the Save Honduras Party holding 10 seats, other parties holding 2 seats, and independent legislators holding 2 seats. The current speaker is Luis Redondo, a member of the Save Honduras Party, who was elected in January 2022 for a four-year term.

The government consists of 21 ministries, with the main cabinet members including: First Vice President for the time being, Second Vice President Doris Guti é rrez, Third Vice President Renato Florentino, Foreign Minister Eduardo Enrique Reina, Presidential Affairs Minister Sarah í Cerna (female), Interior, Justice, and Decentralization Minister Tom á s Vaquero, Strategic Planning Minister Ricardo Salgado, Finance Minister Christian Duarte, and Defense Minister Ricky Moncada. Rixi Moncada, female, Minister of Security Hector Gustavo Sanchez Velasquez (H) Director Gustavo S á nchez Vel á squez, Minister of Economic Development Fredis Alonso Cerrato Valladares, Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Lucky Medina, Minister of Energy Erick Tejada Carbajal, Minister of Labour Wilmer Javier Fern á ndez, Minister of Health Karla Paredes Reyes (female), Minister of Science and Technology Luther Castillo Harry, Minister of Education Daniel Esponda onda), Minister of Culture, Arts and Sports Gloria Annareye Beles Osajo Annarella V é lez Osejo (female), Tourism Minister Yadira G ó mez (female), Infrastructure and Public Services Minister Octavio Pineda, Agriculture and Livestock Minister Laura Suazo (female), Social Development Minister Jos é Carlos Cardona (female), Human Rights Minister Ang é lica Á lvarez (female), Information Minister Ivis Alvarado, Youth Minister Zulmit Rivera (female), Women's Minister Doris Gargara Sergio Coello, Minister of Transparency and Anti Corruption.

[Administrative divisions] The country is divided into 18 provinces: Atlantinda, Cologne, Comayagua, Cop á n, Cortes, Cholutka, El Paraiso, Francisco Moraz á n, Gracias Adios, Intibuca, Gulf Islands, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepek, Orlando, Santa Barbara, Barle, and Joro.

The judicial system consists of the Supreme Court, appellate courts, and local courts. The Supreme Court is composed of 15 justices with a term of 7 years. Rebeca Raquel Obando, the President of the Supreme Court, was elected in February 2023. Johel Zelaya, the Chief Prosecutor of the Prosecutor General's Office, was elected in February 2024. The President of the Supreme Court and the Attorney General are both elected by the National Assembly for a term of 4 years and can be re elected.

Main political parties:

(1) Partido Libertad y Refundaci ó n: ruling party. Separated from the Liberal Party in 2011. The party chairman is former president Manuel Zelaya.

(2) The Nationalist Party, also known as the "Blue Party," is the largest opposition party. Separated from the Liberal Party in 1902. Party Chairperson Fatima Ju á rez (female).

(3) The Liberal Party, also known as the "Red Party," is the main opposition party. Established in 1881. Party Chairman Yani Rosenthal.

(4) Partido Salvador de Honduras: ruling coalition party. Established in 2019, the party chairman is F á tima Mena (female).

[Important Person] Iris Hiomara Castro Sameto: President. Born on September 30, 1959, obtained a Bachelor's degree in Business Management. She is the wife of former President Zelaya and belongs to the Liberal Party along with him. In 2009, Serbia was overthrown by a military coup and went into exile overseas. The organization organized a mass movement to protest on the streets. After returning to Hong Kong in 2011, Sai and Ka left the Liberal Party and founded the Freedom and Reconstruction Party. In the November 2021 election, Ka won and was inaugurated in January 2022 for a four-year term.

One of the least developed countries in Latin America. The agriculture sector is the leading industry in the national economy, with a relatively weak industrial foundation.

The main economic data for 2023 are as follows:

Gross Domestic Product: 34.48 billion US dollars

Per capita Gross Domestic Product: 3250 US dollars

Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate: 3.6%

Inflation rate: 6.4%

Unemployment rate: 8.1%

The main exports of foreign trade include crops such as coffee, bananas, palm oil, shrimp, sugar, tobacco, as well as mineral products such as zinc, lead, and silver. The main export destinations are the United States, the European Union, and Central American countries; The main imports include machinery, electronic equipment, chemical products, fuels, lubricants, industrial products, and food, with the main source countries being the United States, the European Union, Central American countries, and Japan. In 2023, Hong's exports were 11.348 billion US dollars and imports were 19.327 billion US dollars, with a year-on-year decrease of 5.6% in the trade deficit.

Education: Urban primary schools have a seven-year system. Rural primary school three-year system. Compulsory education is implemented before the age of 14. There are 10 higher education institutions in the country, among which the National Autonomous University of Honduras was established in 1846.

Advocate peaceful coexistence among countries and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty in foreign relations; Promote democracy and defend human rights; Emphasize the development of relations with developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, and Japan, and maintain traditional friendship with Latin American countries; Support the process of regional integration; Support international counter-terrorism cooperation.