Nauru Passport

[Country Name] The Republic of Nauru.

The land area is 21.1 square kilometers, and the marine exclusive economic zone covers 320000 square kilometers.

[Population] About 13000 people, mostly Micronesians, and the rest are people of other Pacific island nations, Chinese, Filipinos, and European descent. There are also about 2000 Nauruans living in Australia. English is the official language and Nauru is commonly used. The majority of residents believe in Protestantism, while a minority believe in Catholicism.

There is no capital city. The administrative management center is located in Yaren District.

David Adeang, the head of state, was elected president in October 2023.

[Important Festival] Independence Day: January 31st; Constitution Day: May 17th.

【 Overview 】 Located in the central Pacific, about 42 kilometers south of the equator, it consists of an independent coral reef island and surrounding waters. The island is 6 kilometers long and 4 kilometers wide, with a coastline of about 30 kilometers and a highest point of 61 meters above sea level. Three fifths of the island was once covered by phosphate. It belongs to the tropical rainforest climate, with an average annual temperature of 24 ℃ -38 ℃ and an average annual precipitation of 1500 millimeters.

Nauru people live on the island. In 1798, the British ship "Hunter" made its first arrival in Nauru. In 1888, it was incorporated into the German Marshall Islands Protectorate. At the beginning of the 20th century, the British were allowed to mine phosphate here. In 1920, the League of Nations placed Nauru under the joint administration of Britain, Australia, and New Zealand, with Australia representing the three countries in exercising its powers. It was occupied by the Japanese army from 1942 to 1945. In 1947, it became a United Nations mandate and was still jointly managed by Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. Independence occurred on January 31, 1968.

[Parliament] A unicameral system consisting of 19 members with a term of three years. The speaker is elected by the members of parliament. The president is elected by the parliament. The current parliament will be formed in September 2022. Current Speaker Marcus Stephen.

The President is both the head of state and the head of government, elected by the parliament. The government is composed of the president and his appointed ministers, and is accountable to the parliament. Lionel Aingemia, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade and Minister of Police, Justice and Border Management, Port Management and Shipping, Jesse Jeremiah, Minister of Infrastructure Development, Environmental Governance and Agriculture, Sports, Charmaine Scotty, Minister of Interior, Health and Tourism, Asterio Appi, Minister of Education, Climate Change and Land Management, Reagan Aliklik, Minister of Transport and Fisheries, and Shadlog Bernicke, Minister of Information and Communication Technology.

[Administrative divisions] The country is divided into 14 districts.

The judicial system includes the Supreme Court, which is composed of regional courts and family courts. In most cases, the High Court of Australia is the final court of appeal. The current Chief Justice Daniel Vafo'ou Fatiaki took office in 2021.

The economy has a single structure and mainly relies on phosphate exports and the issuance of fishing licenses. Due to the sharp decline in phosphate export revenue, the financial situation is very difficult, relying heavily on foreign aid and borrowing. The main economic data for 2023 are as follows:

Gross Domestic Product: 150 million US dollars.

Per capita Gross Domestic Product: 12040 US dollars.

Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate: 0.6%.

Currency: No domestic currency, commonly Australian dollar.

(Source: International Monetary Fund)

【 Resources 】 Phosphate resources are abundant, and exporting phosphate to Australia and New Zealand is the main source of income. In the 1970s and 1980s, its annual production and export volume were approximately 1-1.5 million tons. Since the 1990s, production has been declining year by year. Due to overdevelopment, the resource is gradually depleting.

In 1989, Nauru sued Australia at the International Court of Justice, demanding compensation for the ecological damage caused by phosphate mining prior to Nauru's independence. In 1993, Australia reached an out of court settlement, agreeing to compensate Australia with 107 million Australian dollars, of which 57 million Australian dollars were paid in cash to establish a trust fund, and the remaining 50 million Australian dollars were disbursed over 20 years (averaging 2.5 million Australian dollars per year) for projects agreed upon by both parties.

Non scale agriculture in agriculture and fisheries. Almost all food and drinking water rely on imports.

The fishery resources are abundant, with many tuna, but the fishing capacity is limited. The main source of fishery income comes from the fishing license fees of foreign fishing vessels, which are approximately AUD 6-8 million per year.

There is a circular asphalt road with a total length of 24 kilometers and 6 kilometers of other roads for transportation. There are cargo ships regularly traveling between Australia and Nauru. Nauru Airlines operates routes from Nauru to Nadi, Fiji and Brisbane, Australia.

The main trading partners include Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Japan, and the United States. We mainly export phosphate and import food, household appliances, daily necessities, hardware, and building materials.

Implement free compulsory education. A small number of students receive higher education in Fiji, and the government provides scholarships. We also accept scholarships provided by Australia, Thailand, Pacific Islands Forum, and other countries.

The government publishes the "Bulletin" irregularly and provides free reading. Nauru Radio and Nauru Television are official institutions that broadcast information on parliamentary meetings, Nauru news, and more. Nauru Radio broadcasts programs from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). Nauru Television broadcasts foreign television programs such as ABC and STAR-SPORTS.

[Health] Free medical care is available. There is a hospital with limited medical and health care. Non communicable diseases such as diabetes and cancer occur frequently.

There is no military, and defense is assisted by Australia. There are about 300 police officers of various types.

Adhere to the policy of non alignment and advocate friendly relations with other countries in diplomacy. It is a member of organizations such as the United Nations, Commonwealth, International Exhibition Bureau, Asian Development Bank, Pacific Islands Forum, and Pacific Community. Established diplomatic relations with over 50 countries including the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Russia, Thailand, China, and other Pacific island nations. Australia is Nauru's largest aid donor and has established a refugee screening center in Nauru. In recent years, it has provided approximately AUD 27 million in aid to Nauru annually. In September 2018, Nauru hosted the 49th Pacific Islands Forum Leaders' Meeting.

Nauru established diplomatic relations with the United States in 1976. The United States does not have a consulate or diplomatic office in Nauru. Nauru is a party to the United States Pacific Islands Multilateral Tuna Fisheries Treaty, which allows US fishing vessels to fish in Nauru and US related companies to pay licensing fees.

Australia has close ties with Nauru and is Nauru's largest partner in trade, investment, security, and development assistance. The Australian government upgraded its Consulate General in Nauru to a High Commissioner's Office in August 2009. Nao has a consulate general in Brisbane, Australia and established a high commissioner's office in Australia in March 2022.

In September 2017, Nauru signed a memorandum of understanding on security cooperation with Australia, confirming Australia's position as Nauru's primary security partner. In October 2021, Australia and Nauru signed a Memorandum of Understanding on the Republic of Nauru's Persistent Regional Processing Capability. Nauru also participates in Australia's Pacific Labor Mobility Program (PALM).