Suriname Passport

[Country Name] The Republic of Suriname.

【 Area 】 164000 square kilometers.

Population: 624000 (2023). Among them, Indians account for about 33%, Creoles account for about 31%, Indonesians account for about 15%, Jungle Blacks account for about 10%, Chinese account for about 6.7%, and the rest are Native Americans, white people, etc. Dutch is the official language and Surinamese is commonly used. 42% of residents believe in Christianity, 20% believe in Hinduism, and 13% believe in Islam.

【 Capital 】 Paramaribo, with a population of 259000.

[Head of State] President Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI was elected and inaugurated in July 2020 for a term of 5 years.

Independence Day: November 25th.

【 Overview 】 Located in the northern part of South America. It borders French Guiana to the east, Brazil to the south, Guyana to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. It belongs to the tropical rainforest climate. The average annual temperature is 23-27 ℃. Originally inhabited by Native Americans in the Americas. In 1593, it was declared a territory by Spanish explorers. The Dutch began to settle here in 1602. In 1630, British immigrants moved in. In 1667, Britain and the Netherlands signed a treaty, and the Soviet Union became a Dutch colony. In 1815, the Treaty of Vienna officially established the suzerain status of the Netherlands over the Soviet Union. Internal autonomy was implemented in 1954. On November 25, 1975, independence was declared and a republic was established.

On May 25, 2020, Su held a new parliamentary election. Among the 51 seats in the parliament, the Progressive Reform Party, the National Democratic Party, the Popular Liberation and Development Party, the National Party, the High Truth Party, and the Brotherhood Solidarity Political Union respectively won 20 seats, 16 seats, 8 seats, 3 seats, 2 seats, and 2 seats. On July 13th, the National Assembly of the Soviet Union held presidential elections, and the candidate and chairman of the Progressive Reform Party, Dan Duoji, was elected and sworn in on July 16th.

In 1987, the National Assembly passed a new draft constitution and it came into effect. The Constitution stipulates that legislative power is jointly exercised by the National Assembly and the President, and the National Assembly is elected by the people. The President and Vice President are elected by a majority of more than two-thirds of the National Assembly. If they do not reach two-thirds, they will be elected by the National Assembly, which is composed of the National Assembly and local councils. The President is the Head of State, Head of Government, Chairman of the State Council, and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, exercising executive power and appointing the Cabinet; The government is composed of the President, Vice President, and various ministers. The Vice President presides over cabinet meetings and is accountable to the President. Government ministers are not members of the National Assembly; The State Council supervises the implementation of the decisions of the National Assembly by the government, and its members are composed of representatives from the President and major political forces such as trade unions, businesses, legislative bodies, and the military. It has the power to veto bills that it deems unconstitutional, with the final veto power in the hands of the President. The President considers approving or opposing the decisions of the State Council within one month. The judiciary is independent and free from any interference.

The National Assembly is a unicameral system and the highest legislative body in the country, with 51 seats and a term of 5 years. The current parliament was established in July 2020. Speaker Marinus BEE.

The current government was formed on July 16, 2020. The main members include: President Dan Duoji, Vice President Ronnie Brinsweijk, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Commerce and International Cooperation Albert RAMDIN, Minister of Finance Stanley RAGHOEBARSING, Minister of Health Amar RAMADHIN, Minister of Economic Affairs, Entrepreneurship and Technological Innovation Rishma KULDIPSINGH, Minister of Defense Krishna MATHOERA, etc.

【 Administrative divisions 】 The country is divided into one city (i.e. Paramaribo city) and nine regions: Vanica, Rijiri, Saramaka, Komovina, Marovina, Para, Blokopondo, Siparivini, and Coroni.

The judicial system includes the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, the Prosecutor's Office, and three local courts. Gloria KARG-STIRLING, President of the Constitutional Court, took office in May 2020 for a term of 5 years. Supreme Court justices serve for life, with President Iwan RASOELBAKS taking office in December 2020. Attorney General Garcia PARAGSINGH.

Major political parties

（1） The ruling party alliance

1. Vooruitstreven de Hervormings Partij (VHP): Founded in 1949, it was renamed to its current name in 1974. The party members are mainly of Indian descent. Mainly safeguarding the interests of Indian people. Party Chairman Dan Duoji.

2. The Popular Liberation and Development Party (ABOP) was founded in 1990. The purpose is to eliminate poverty and achieve the development of the people. Party Chairman Brinsweek.

3. The High Truth Party (Pertjajah Luhur, abbreviated as PL): It split from the Binda Walima Party in 1999. The party members are mainly descendants of Indonesians. Party Chairman Paul Somohardjo.

（2） Main opposition parties

1. National Democratic Party (NDP): The largest opposition party in the Soviet Union. Established in June 1987. Advocate for the establishment of a socio-economic order based on ethnicity and democracy. Party Chairperson Jennifer Simons.

2. The National Party (NPS) was founded in 1946. Representing the interests of the Creole people. Advocate for the implementation of parliamentary democracy and the development of an independent national economy. Party Chairman Gregory RUSLAND. The National Party formed a ruling coalition with the Progressive Reform Party, the Popular Liberation and Development Party, and the High Truth Party in July 2020, and withdrew in February 2023.

[Important Person] Dan Duoji: President. Born on February 3, 1959 in a rural area outside Paramaribo, Suriname. Joined the Su Police Force in 1982. From 1991 to 2005, he served as the head of the judicial department and police director at the Police Headquarters. In 2005, he was appointed as the Minister of Justice and Police of Su. In 2010, he was elected as a member of the National Assembly representing the Progressive Reform Party. He served as the party's chairman from 2011 and was re elected as a member of the National Assembly in 2015. In May 2020, the Progressive Reform Party became the largest party in the National Assembly elections, forming a ruling coalition with the Popular Development Party, the National Party, and the High Truth Party, and was elected as the presidential candidate. Elected as the President of the Soviet Union in July 2020.

The economy is rich in natural resources, with oil, gold, aluminum mining, processing and manufacturing, and agriculture as the main industries. The COVID-19 has had a serious impact on Suriname's economy. Tourism, retail, service industries and oil, timber and gold exports have all been hit. Small and medium-sized enterprises are in trouble. Unemployment rates are rising, the Soviet dollar is depreciating, and prices are rising. At present, the economy of Jiangsu has recovered to some extent. The main economic data for 2023 are as follows:

Gross Domestic Product: 3.54 billion US dollars.

Per capita Gross Domestic Product: 5670 US dollars.

Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate: 2.1%.

Currency name: Surinamese Dollar.

Exchange rate: 1 US dollar ≈ 36.7 Su yuan.

Inflation rate (annual average): 53.3%,

(Information)

The bauxite resources are abundant, with a proven reserve of approximately 580 million tons. Other minerals include oil, iron, manganese, copper, nickel, platinum, gold, etc. In recent years, significant amounts of underwater oil have been discovered in the offshore areas. Forests and water resources are abundant, with a forest coverage rate of 93%.

Industry mainly focuses on mineral extraction and smelting. In addition, there are also grain processing, cigarette, beverage, and chemical product production.

The cultivated land area accounts for 0.39% of the national land area in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. The output value of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries accounts for about 11% of the gross domestic product. The main crops are rice, fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, palm, coffee, and cocoa. The rice planting area accounts for about 50% of the arable land area. 43% of rice is exported, accounting for 8% of the total export value. The annual output of logs is about 160000 cubic meters. Fisheries are an important source of foreign exchange, with an annual catch of about 30000 tons, of which about 20000 tons are exported.

Transportation is mainly based on highways and waterways.

Highways and bridges: with a total length of approximately 4470 kilometers. The Gobennan Bridge, completed in July 1999, connects the capital city of Paramaribo with the western region of Rijiri. The Suriname River Bridge, completed in May 2000, connects the capital with the eastern region.

Water transportation: The total length of navigable rivers is about 1500 kilometers. The capital city of Paramaribo is the main port. Ferries can connect to Guyana and French Guiana.

Air freight: There is one international airport and eight international routes.

In 2023, the fiscal revenue was 34.48 billion Su yuan, and the fiscal expenditure was 36.818 billion Su yuan. (Information)

The main export of foreign trade is alumina, followed by rice, shrimp, fruits, wood, etc., and the import of fuel, industrial raw materials and semi-finished products, machinery, transportation and daily necessities. The main trading partners are the United States, the Netherlands, the United Arab Emirates, and others.

The main economic groups include:

(1) The Chamber of Commerce and Industry,

Established in 1910. Address: P.O.BOX 139, Mr. J C. De Miranda Straat 10， Paramaribo， Suriname, phone: (597) 473527, fax: （597）470802。

(2) Suriname Trade and Industry Association: Established in 1950. Address: P.O.Box 111, Prins Hendrikstraat 18, Paramaribo，Suriname。

In 2021, the average life expectancy in Jiangsu was 71.87 years, with a population growth rate of 0.7%.

The National Defense Force is composed of three branches of the army, navy, and air force, with a total force of approximately 4700 personnel.

Education: Compulsory education is implemented for children aged 6-12, and primary, secondary, and tertiary education is free of charge. The University of Suriname is the only higher education institution in the country. The adult literacy rate is 94.7%.

The main newspapers include: Times of Suriname and De Ware Tijd. The official media of Suriname is Communicatie Dienst Suriname, which has a news website, Facebook page, YouTube channel, television channel, and conducts government news releases and live broadcasts of major national events.

The main radio stations are: Suriname Broadcasting Foundation, founded in 1965 and operated by the government, broadcasting in Dutch and local languages; Suriname International Radio, founded in 1984 and operated by the government, broadcasts twice a week in Dutch, English, and Surinamese; K. B.C. Radio, founded in 1985, broadcasts in local languages and English; Paramaribo Radio, founded in 1957, broadcasts in local languages, English, and Spanish; Drum Radio, founded in 1958, broadcasts in Dutch and local languages.

The main television stations are: Suriname National Television (STVS), established in 1965 and operated by the government, broadcasting in local languages, Dutch, and English. ATV television station, established in 1983, is a commercial television station.

We adhere to a non aligned foreign policy, uphold the principles of national sovereignty equality, national self-determination, and non-interference in internal affairs. We attach great importance to developing relations with the United States, members of the Caribbean Community, Brazil and other South American neighbors, maintaining pragmatic relations with the Netherlands and other EU countries, and actively expanding relations with developing countries such as China and India. Actively supporting and participating in regional integration processes, being a member of the Caribbean Community, Association of Caribbean States, Caribbean Development Bank, Union of South American Nations, Group of 77, East Asia Latin America Cooperation Forum, Organization of the Islamic Conference, and Inter American Development Bank. We have established diplomatic relations with over 140 countries.